Computer Organization - Basic Computer Organization

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Every Computer contains five essential units or elements.

  1. Input Unit
  2. Output Unit
  3. Control Unit
  4. Arithmetic Logical Unit
  5. Memory Unit

In the below picture black arrows represent data and instructions while other ones(arrows) represent controls signals passed between the components of a computer. 


Outline Components

1. Input

   - Input refers to the initial stage of computer operations where data and programs are entered into the system.

   - The input unit organizes and transfers data to the computer for processing.


2. Storage (Memory)

   - Storage, or memory, is where data and instructions are permanently saved.

   - It provides space for storing data and instructions, both before and after processing.

   - Intermediate results of processing are also temporarily stored here.


3. Processing

   - Processing involves the execution of operations, including arithmetic and logical operations.

   - The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is responsible for performing calculations based on provided instructions and             data.

   - Processed data is then sent back to the storage unit.


4. Output

   - Output is the stage where the computer produces results from processed data to provide useful information.

   - The output is temporarily stored within the computer before being presented in a human-readable format.

   - This stored output can also be further processed if needed.


5. Control

    - The manner how instructions are executed, and the above operations are performed.

    - The control unit oversees the execution of instructions and manages all computer operations.

   - It plays a crucial role in controlling input, processing, and output steps, ensuring the orderly execution of tasks within          the computer.


Understanding these fundamental components of computer systems is essential for grasping how computers function and process information effectively.


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